A Peptide http://www.cosmeticrawmaterial.cn/ is a component of a protein structure consisting of a sequence of amino acids connected by an amide bond. A peptide consisting of two amino acids is called a dipeptide, a peptide consisting of three amino acids is called a tripeptide, and so on. Most of the peptides that can be used in cosmetics are small molecules between dipeptide and decapeptide. Compared with other substances in the body, peptides are characterized by strong activity and diversity. Peptides play an important role in the growth, development and metabolism of organisms, and also play a key regulatory role in the natural aging and care of the skin. The aging, wrinkling and dullness of human skin are caused by a variety of internal and external factors. Excessive sunlight (ultraviolet) exposure is only one of the important external causes, as well as epidermal renewal, dermal clearance of foreign chemicals, dermal thickness, immune response temperature regulation and other functions are reduced, can cause skin aging. However, the main reason for skin aging is that free radicals in the body destroy normal cell behavior and accelerate cell aging, so removing or inhibiting free radicals can prevent or alleviate skin aging.
Small molecule peptides are non-toxic, highly active and easy to absorb, and have special physiological activity, which can essentially improve a series of skin problems, and the application effect in cosmetics is quite good. We call these small molecule peptides that can be used for cosmetic effects cosmetic peptides.
Peptides can make people younger and healthier, and peptides have changed the cosmetics world dramatically. Peptide is the basic material of all cells in the human body, and peptide is the form of life. Because of the special physiological activity of small molecule peptides, they can substantially improve skin problems and have a good effect in cosmetics. Many international well-known brands have also used these beauty peptides, which can be said to have set off a boom in peptide beauty care products. According to statistics, in 2011, the sales of peptide beauty care products in the international market has exceeded 16 billion US dollars, and is still increasing at a rate of 30% to 40% per year. According to the survey, the most frequently used peptides by famous foreign brands are: palmitoyl pentapeptide-3, acetyl hexapeptide-3, acetyl tetrapeptide-5, palmitoyl oligopeptide (palmitoyl tripeptide-1), palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3 and carnosine, etc. These beauty peptides are more than 500 search results used by various brands, which shows its wide application.
Introduction to the efficacy of cosmetic peptides
Due to the remarkable beauty effect of peptide products, more and more effective bioactive peptides have been applied to the cosmetics industry, at present, the famous foreign cosmetic raw materials manufacturers have launched nearly 50 raw materials. One of the eternal and most important themes of skin care products is anti-wrinkle and anti-aging, and the use of beauty peptides is still focused on this aspect. Due to the complexity of aging causes, various kinds of cosmetic peptides play a unique effect with different mechanisms to achieve the purpose of anti-wrinkle. At the same time, many other peptides with special functions have emerged, such as whitening and removing freckles, breast enhancement, slimming, promoting hair growth and wound repair.
1. Anti-wrinkle and anti-aging
Argireline
Argireline (Ac-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-NH2), also known as acetylhexapeptide-3, also known as Botox, is a oligopeptide that mimics the 6 amino acids of the N-terminal of SNAP-25 protein [4]. Acirirelin is one of the ingredients commonly used in high-end cosmetics. It is mainly used to reduce wrinkles caused by the contraction of facial expression muscles, and has an ideal effect on the forehead or wrinkles around the eyes. In addition, it also promotes the production of collagen, which helps to rebuild skin tissue. Akirurelin is a safer, cheaper and milder alternative to Botox.
Palmitoyl tripeptide-5
Palmitoyl tripeptide-5 is the most widely used cosmetic small molecule peptide, we call it "collagen peptide Siped COL-02."
Palmitoyl tripeptide-5 belongs to the signaling class of peptides. Studies have shown that these peptides promote collagen (type, type, and type) synthesis and extracellular matrix protein production by increasing stromal cell activity, making the skin look more youthful and elastic. Many famous foreign cosmetics brands (such as Estee Lauder, Chanel, Avon, etc.) use palmitoyl tripeptide-5 as a nutritional anti-wrinkle raw material, because palmitoyl tripeptide-5 can promote the synthesis of collagen and elastin in the dermis, and is an ideal raw material to accelerate collagen production and repair wrinkles. When added to cosmetics, palmitoyl tripeptide-5 can help replenish collagen, improve facial elasticity, and significantly reduce facial wrinkles. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of enhancing cell activity, increasing skin moisture content, enhancing skin luster, and improving skin tone.
Palmitoyl pentapeptide-3
Palmitoyl pentapeptide-3 (Matrixyl, amino acid sequence PAL-lys-Thr-Lys-Ser, abbreviated PAL-KTTKS) is a small molecule of palmitoyl oligopeptide anti-wrinkle polypeptide series. The anti-wrinkle mechanism of Matrixyl oligopeptide is simulated signal peptide KTTKS(derived from the hydrolysate of precollagen α1 chain). Increase skin thickness and reduce fine lines by promoting collagen and fibronectin production.
ophiotoxin
Instant wrinkle removal is the biggest feature.
2. Whiten and remove spots
This kind of cosmetic peptide can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, which plays a key role in skin pigmentation, so as to block the transfer of melanin to the stratum corneum, to achieve whitening and freckle effect, such as tetrapeptide-30, neopeptide-1 and hexapeptide-2. Tetrapeptide-30(PKEK: proline-lysine-glutamine-lysine) is an intrinsic peptide of the skin that significantly reduces hyperpigmentic brown spots after inflammation. Tetrapeptide-30 has been confirmed in vivo as an active material that can homogenize skin tone, and its active effect can be achieved at 1600mg/kg in aqueous solution. The process of melanin production in the skin is determined by the melanocytes present in the basal layer of the epidermis. Part of this process is determined by the interaction between keratinocytes and melanocytes, and is controlled by the melanocyte active soluble factor of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), together with the inflammatory cytokines secreted by the keratinocytes, which promote the activation and proliferation of melanocytes. There are a variety of ways to influence the skin whitening and pigmentation process, usually involving methods to inhibit enzymes involved in melanin production (tyrosinase), inhibit the activity of melanocytes, and prevent the discovery of melanin in keratinocytes. Tetr apepti de-30 has an excellent inhibitory effect on melanocytes found in keratinocytes, which was confirmed in vitro by irradiation of normal human keratinocytes (NHEKs) with UVB.
3. Promote eyelash (hair) growth myristyl pentapeptide-17 and myristyl hexapeptide-16 stimulate keratin genes and promote eyelash thickening and growth.
4. Breast enhancement
Acetylhexapeptide-38 can stimulate PGC-1α, (PC-1α : peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-γ-coactivator-1α). It is closely related to the differentiation of fat cells and its physiological function, regulates the expression of fat generation rate, promotes the chest fat generation rate, and achieves the cosmetic effect of breast enlargement.
In recent years, improving aging and body shape changes caused by increasing age and restoring the charm of young people have become the goal pursued by the majority of consumers. As people age, their skin becomes thinner and less elastic, and the subcutaneous fat tissue that supports their skin is also lost under the influence of gravity. The subcutaneous adipose tissue of muscles and muscles is a widely existing organ in the human body. With the increase of age, the volume of subcutaneous adipose tissue will decrease, and even a partial reduction will make people lose their youthful and beautiful appearance. In order to obtain the necessary contour, it is necessary to develop adipose tissue in specific areas. Human adipose tissue mainly exists below the skin and is composed of two kinds of adipose cells: brown adipose cells (BAT) and white adipose cells (WAT). Brown fat cells (BAT) are essential fat cells in the early years of life, but only a small number (5%) are present in adults, and they become less frequent with age. White fat cells (WAT) are the most abundant type of fat cells in the adult body. White fat cells store triglyl esters and cholesterol esters (oil droplets) from the daily diet, which is a huge storehouse of human energy.
5. Lose weight and slim down
Acetyl hexapeptide-39 can reduce the accumulation of fat under the epidermis by inhibiting the expression of PGC-1α, and achieve the effect of weight loss and body beauty.
6. Remove eye bag
Acetyltetrapeptide-5 and dipeptide-2 are potent inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which can improve blood circulation by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
7. Promotes dermal repair
Palmitoyl hexapeptide-6, a genetic immunopeptide template, can effectively stimulate fibroblast proliferation and linking, collagen synthesis and cell migration.
